Curie Temperature Kit For Ferroelectric in Delhi
Mittal Enterprises
Objective: Determination of dielectric constant of PZT material with Temperature variation and thus determining Curie Temperature. Theory: Ferro-electricity usually disappears above a certain temperature called the transition (or Curie) temperature. Knowledge of the Curie temperature and the variation of the dielectric constant below and above the Curie temperature are of interest to the physicists and the engineers. In this experiment an LC circuit is used to determine the capacitance of the dielectric cell and hence the dielectric constant. The circuit details are shown below: DC : Dielectric Cell SC : Standard Capacitor L : Induction X : Ferroelectric Sample The dielectric cell DC is placed in PID controlled hot air furnace. The temperature of the furnace can be measured by inserting a thermocouple in a hole (provided on one of the Teflon discs), so that it touches one of the capacitor (metal) plates. The audio oscillator is incorporated inside the instrument. If CSC and CDC represent the capacitances of the standard capacitor and dielectric cell respectively and if VC1 and VC are the voltages across SC and DC then By measuring VSC & VDC and using the value of CSC we can determine the capacitance of the dielectric cell containing the sample. If C0 represents the capacitance of the dielectric cell without the crystal and the plates separated by air gap whose thickness is the same as the thickness of the crystal then C0 is given by where r represents the radius of the crystal and d represents its thickness The dielectric constant of the crystal at any given temp. is given by The Setup facilitates determination of dielectric constant of PZT sample at different temperature. Dielectric Constant increases as temperature increases, and near Curie temperature, it shows a steep increase and reaches a peak at Curie Temperature.
Dielectric Constant Kit Manufacturer in Delhi
Objective: Determination of dielectric constant of solids Theory: A dielectric is a material having low electrical conductivity in comparison to that of a metal. It is characterized by its dielectric constant. Dielectric constant is measured as the ratio of the capacitance C of an electrical condenser filled with the dielectric to the capacitance C...
Curie Temperature Kit For Ferroelectric in Delhi
Objective: Determination of dielectric constant of PZT material with Temperature variation and thus determining Curie Temperature. Theory: Ferro-electricity usually disappears above a certain temperature called the transition (or Curie) temperature. Knowledge of the Curie temperature and the variation of the dielectric constant below and above the...
Planck's Constant Kit Manufacturer in Delhi
Planck's Constant Kit Objective: Determination of Planck's constant using light emitting diodes (LED's) by observing the 'reverse photo-electric effect'. Theory: If a bias voltage is passed across the LED, which is equal or greater than the difference in the energy of the bands, i.e. the barrier potential, then the bands will 'line up' and a c...
Ultrasonic Interferometer For Solids in Delhi
Ultrasonic Interferometer For (Solids) Non-Destructive Testing of Material is an important part of Engineering Education as it gives information without deformation in the shape and size of the material. One of the NDT techniques, Piezoelectric Technique is widely used for the measurement of composition dependent properties such as ultrasonic v...
Ultrasonic Interferometer For Liquids in Delhi
Ultrasonic Interferometer For Liquids Using this instrument several Ph.D. Thesis are awarded and innumerable Research papers are published in National & International Journals. Velocity measurement combining with other physical quantities provides information of more than 30 Parameters. For ready reference few Equations are listed here. Few Ex...
Nano Fluid Heat Capacity Apparatus in Delhi
Nano Fluid Heat Capacity Apparatus The Specific Heat of nanofluids decreases as nanoparticle concentration increases. The specific Heat of nanofluids increases with temperature. Thus future research are required to measure thermophysical properties of different nanofluids as a function of temperature and concentration. Our Nanofluid specific He...
Nano Fluid Interferometer Manufacturer in Delhi
OBJECTIVE 1.Characterization of Nanofluids like Ag/Au & Ferrofluids etc. 2. To evaluate modest nanoparticles concentration in the fluid for significant enhancement of its property. 3. Prediction of enhanced thermal conductivity due to suspension of the metallic nanoparticles with very low concentration in to the polymeric fluids. 4. Sound Veloci...
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